Не только природные ресурсы: экстрактивизм как обобщающая концепция
Аннотация
Интенсификация воздействия человека на среду, прогрессирующее глобальное неравенство и обостряющееся противостояние ресурсной логике восприятия природы привели к оформлению в начале XXI века дискурса об экстрактивизме — особой форме общественных отношений, приводящей к превращению развития в эксплуатацию ресурса с отчуждением локальных акторов (сообществ, людей, компаний и даже государств) от производящейся прибыли, вывозимой с территории, где этот ресурс находится. Концепция экстрактивизма распространилась за пределы изначальной тематики (от природных к ресурсам человеческого таланта, данных, зеленого регулирования и мн. др.) и подверглась обильной и разнообразной рефлексии использовавших ее представителей разных дисциплин. Описанные на латиноамериканском материале практики были обнаружены в других частях света, в том числе в скрытых, мимикрирующих под экологически и социально ответственное развитие формах. Расширенная концепция экстрактивизма претендует на роль еще одного большого обобщающего множество процессов понятия, сводящего постмодерное развитие к обновляющему и цементирующему существующие социальные расколы производству ресурсных периферий не только на бывших колониальных окраинах, но и в староосвоенных ядрах стран развитого капитализма. Воображаемая пустота новых ресурсных хинтерландов стала новым механизмом исключения растущих уязвимых групп из распределения прибыли, производящейся в глобальных цепочках добавленной стоимости.Скачивания
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