The relevance and practical significance of the study of the moral experience of a priest in the time of war is due to the actual lack of research on the critical understanding of the personal choice made by an individual in the situation of perpetrating, suffering, or witnessing violence during wars. In the modern analytical tradition, the problem of moral experience in war is more often revealed from the point of view of normative approaches associated with the just war theory. In our opinion, it is necessary to understand war, first of all, as a situation that violates the fundamental principles of modern morality. This article is aimed at the researching and classification of the models of moral choice made by Orthodox priests who took part in the wars. It is only as a result of studying the functioning of moral choice in specific situations and understanding the personal experience of war that is it possible to reconstruct the ethos and to formulate the ethics of war. This approach has a philosophical and anthropological character, since it seeks to answer the question of “how to remain human in a non-human situation?”. The sociological perspective of the study of this problem allows us to identify the institutional factors that influence the priest‘s decision-making. At the same time, it becomes possible to identify the transformations in the moral structure of the priest’s personality, which occur depending on the degree of his involvement in army life.